DeepSeek-V3 in Plain English

 

DeepSeek-V3 in Plain English

This paper introduces DeepSeek-V3, a new AI language model that is both powerful and cost-efficient. Here’s a simple breakdown of what it is and what it does:

What is DeepSeek-V3?

• It’s a large AI model designed for natural language processing (NLP).
• It has 671 billion total parameters, but only 37 billion are active at a time, making it more efficient than models that use all their parameters at once.
• It was trained on 14.8 trillion words (tokens), which is an extremely large dataset.
• It uses MoE (Mixture of Experts) architecture, meaning different parts of the model specialize in different tasks, making it faster and smarter.
• It introduces new training techniques, such as a way to balance workload without extra losses and a multi-token prediction strategy, which improves accuracy.

Why is it Cost-Effective?

• It supports FP8 training, a method that makes training more efficient.
• Engineers have made careful optimizations to reduce computational costs.
• Training the entire model took only 2.79 million hours on H800 GPUs, which is relatively low for such a large model.

How Good is It?

• It’s the best open-source AI model available today.
• It performs on par with top closed-source models like GPT-4o and Claude-3.5-Sonnet, which are industry leaders.
• Its reasoning skills were improved by learning from an earlier model series (DeepSeek-R1).

What are Its Limitations?

• Hardware requirements: It needs a lot of computing power, which might be too much for small teams.
• Speed improvements needed: Although it’s twice as fast as its previous version (DeepSeek-V2), there’s still room for improvement.
• However, future hardware advancements will likely solve these issues.

Future Plans

DeepSeek aims to keep improving AI models with the long-term goal of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Their focus includes:

1. Better architecture – Making models even more efficient and handling longer text.
2. Better data – Improving the quality and variety of training data.
3. Better reasoning – Helping AI think more deeply and solve complex problems.
4. Better evaluation – Creating fairer tests to ensure the model truly improves, rather than just optimizing for specific benchmarks.

Final Thought

DeepSeek-V3 is a major step forward in AI. It’s powerful, cost-efficient, and open-source, making it a strong competitor to models like GPT-4o. While it has some deployment challenges, future improvements in AI hardware will help solve them.

Thailand 4.0: Paving the Path to a Developed Nation

Thailand 4.0: Paving the Path to a Developed Nation

By Janpha Thadphoothon

Is Thailand 4.0 still relevant today? I believe it is. Despite its launch several years ago, this national strategy continues to define Thailand's vision for progress and sustainable development. Let me explain why Thailand 4.0 remains a key driver in transforming the nation into a more innovative and high-income country.

What is Thailand 4.0?

One may ask, what exactly is Thailand 4.0? It is a policy framework designed to transition the country from a middle-income to a high-income nation. Its core idea is to shift the economy away from basic production and low-cost manufacturing toward high-value, technology-driven industries. As we know, the world has evolved into a digital era, and in my opinion, this shift is critical for Thailand’s success.

The focus of Thailand 4.0 is on innovation, creativity, and advanced technology, signaling a significant departure from traditional sectors like agriculture and labor-intensive industries to a more knowledge-based economy. In my opinion, this strategy will not only propel Thailand into a competitive position on the global stage but will also offer the country the opportunity to improve the quality of life for its people by fostering innovation and embracing advanced technologies.

A Logical Progression

To understand the significance of Thailand 4.0, let’s take a quick look at the country’s past economic phases. We can trace Thailand’s evolution from the era of agriculture to the rise of heavy industries. People say that history often provides us with the clearest picture of where we’re headed, and I somehow think the same holds true for Thailand’s development.

• Thailand 1.0: The era of agriculture, where farming and basic livestock production dominated.
• Thailand 2.0: The shift to light industries, introducing tools and machinery to enhance productivity in sectors like textiles and jewelry.
• Thailand 3.0: The rise of heavy industries, with a focus on exports such as steel, automobiles, and cement. This era saw the introduction of imported technologies that helped drive industrial growth.

Now, Thailand 4.0 is all about creating a “Value-Based Economy,” where innovation and technology drive growth, enabling the country to “do less and earn more.” The way I see it, Thailand is at a crossroads where it must evolve beyond traditional industries to become a powerhouse of innovation and high-tech solutions. I am sure you would agree with me that this is no small feat, but it’s a necessary one.

Key Goals of Thailand 4.0

In my opinion, the success of Thailand 4.0 lies in its clear and ambitious goals. The policy outlines three main objectives, which are:

1. Transitioning from basic goods to high-value, innovative products.
2. Moving from an industry-driven economy to one led by technology and creativity.
3. Shifting from a manufacturing focus to a service-oriented economy.

I like the idea of focusing on these three broad goals because they emphasize the importance of adaptability and forward-thinking. It is my personal belief that Thailand’s future economic strength lies in its ability to diversify its economy and harness the power of technology.

Areas of Transformation

Thailand 4.0 aims to transform several key sectors to align with its goals. As we know, the transformation of key industries is not only a matter of technological change but also of mindset. People say that successful transformations require both technological innovations and a shift in how people think about their work and society.

• Agriculture: Traditional farming is evolving into Smart Farming, utilizing technology to boost productivity and income while positioning farmers as entrepreneurs. I think this is a particularly exciting development, as it can make Thailand’s agricultural sector more sustainable and competitive.

• Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs): SMEs are being transformed into Smart Enterprises and innovative startups. Experts say that SMEs are the backbone of the economy, and in Thailand, this sector holds immense potential for job creation and innovation.

• Services: The focus is shifting to High-Value Services, such as health and wellness tourism, driven by innovation. It is well known that the services sector plays a crucial role in developed economies, and Thailand has great potential to lead in this area.

• Workforce: Developing a skilled workforce to meet the demands of advanced industries is critical. This is an area where Thailand must make significant strides, particularly in terms of education and training for the next generation of workers.

Target Industries

Thailand 4.0 has identified five key industries to drive growth, which, if you ask me, represent the future of the economy. These industries are:

1. Food, Agriculture, and Biotechnology: Incorporating Agritech and Foodtech to revolutionize production. I must admit that I’m excited about how these technologies can transform the agricultural sector.

2. Health, Wellness, and Biomedicine: Advancing Healthtech, Meditech, and wellness services. The potential for Thailand to become a regional hub for health and wellness is vast.

3. Smart Devices and Robotics: Building intelligent systems for automation. This is an area where Thailand can truly make a global impact, especially in the manufacturing sector.

4. Digital Technology and IoT: Expanding AI, the Internet of Things (IoT), and Edtech. As the world becomes more digitally connected, Thailand’s ability to embrace these technologies will determine its future competitiveness.

5. Creative Economy: Promoting Traveltech and lifestyle innovations. With Thailand’s rich culture and natural beauty, the potential for growth in creative industries is limitless.

These are not just buzzwords; these are the pillars that will support Thailand’s future economy. I know you would agree with me that Thailand must build its strengths in these areas to secure a better future.

Challenges and Opportunities

While Thailand 4.0 is ambitious, it faces several challenges. These challenges are not insurmountable, but they do require careful thought and strategy. In my opinion, the biggest challenge Thailand faces is education reform. The current education system does not fully prepare students for the demands of a modern workforce. Reforming curricula to focus on critical thinking, technology, and innovation is essential. People say that the key to a successful economy is a well-educated population, and this is certainly true for Thailand. I think this is an area where the government must take immediate action.

Another major challenge is the digital divide between urban and rural areas. Urban areas often enjoy access to advanced technologies, while rural regions lag behind. Bridging this gap is vital for inclusive growth. I am not sure, but I have read somewhere that one of the key challenges in Thailand’s technological development is ensuring that innovations reach every corner of the country.

As industries adopt automation, retraining programs and social safety nets are needed to support displaced workers. It is my conviction that the government must invest in these programs to ensure that the transition to a more automated economy does not leave anyone behind.

Nevertheless, it is my belief that these challenges are not roadblocks but rather stepping stones. By addressing them head-on, Thailand can unlock its full potential. The opportunities offered by Thailand 4.0 are vast. For instance, initiatives like innovation parks, tax incentives for startups, and foreign investment programs are helping to foster an environment of creativity and entrepreneurship.

Alignment with Global Goals

It is well known that Thailand 4.0 aligns closely with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Particularly, Goal 9 emphasizes innovation, sustainable industrialization, and resilient infrastructure. By focusing on innovation and sustainability, Thailand is not only preparing for a brighter future but is also contributing to global efforts to combat environmental degradation and inequality.

I think this alignment with global goals is crucial, as it shows that Thailand’s aspirations are not just national, but global in scope. This commitment to sustainable growth will resonate with international investors and partners, opening up new opportunities for collaboration and development.

Lessons from the Fourth Industrial Revolution

As we move deeper into the Fourth Industrial Revolution, it is clear that technologies like AI, robotics, and IoT are reshaping industries worldwide. To remain competitive, Thailand must embrace these advancements while also addressing the potential challenges such as job displacement and inequality. Experts say that the key to thriving in this new era is adaptability—something that Thailand must prioritize in its approach to workforce development and policy-making.

Thailand 4.0 and Artificial Intelligence 

Thailand 4.0 and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are intertwined in ways that hold immense potential for the country's future. As we know, Thailand 4.0 aims to transition the nation from a middle-income to a high-income economy, focusing on innovation, creativity, and advanced technologies. Indeed, AI plays a crucial role in this vision, driving transformation across multiple industries, from agriculture to healthcare and manufacturing. In my opinion, AI has the power to elevate Thailand's competitiveness on the global stage by improving productivity, enhancing decision-making processes, and fostering innovative solutions to complex challenges. Experts say that AI technologies, such as machine learning and data analytics, can optimize production and create new avenues for economic growth. I like the idea of AI being integrated into traditional sectors like agriculture through smart farming, where AI can help farmers increase efficiency and reduce costs.

However, it is my belief that embracing AI also requires addressing the challenges of digital literacy and ensuring that the workforce is equipped with the necessary skills to thrive in this rapidly changing landscape. Nevertheless, Thailand 4.0’s emphasis on AI represents a promising future for the country, one that holds the potential to elevate it to new heights in both innovation and sustainable development.

In my opinion, the Fourth Industrial Revolution offers Thailand the chance to leapfrog traditional stages of industrialization. Thailand has the opportunity to build an economy based on cutting-edge technologies, leapfrogging over outdated systems and becoming a regional leader in innovation.

Thailand 4.0 is more than just a policy framework; it’s a vision for a better future. By prioritizing innovation, sustainability, and human capital, Thailand lays the foundation for long-term development. However, its success depends on addressing critical issues such as education reform, the digital divide, and workforce transition.

The journey to becoming a developed nation is not without obstacles, but with determination, clear strategy, and collective action, Thailand can achieve its goals. The news has it that the country is already seeing some promising signs, and I somehow think that with the right steps, Thailand will reach its potential as a leading global economy.

As the saying goes, “The future belongs to those who prepare for it today.” Thailand 4.0 is a testament to the country’s readiness to build a brighter future for all its citizens. And, as we move forward, I am sure we can all agree that the journey is just as important as the destination.

Janpha Thadphoothon is an assistant professor of ELT at the International College, Dhurakij Pundit University in Bangkok, Thailand. Janpha Thadphoothon also holds a certificate of Generative AI with Large Language Models issued by DeepLearning.AI.

Human Minds vs. Intelligent Machines: A Subconscious Perspective

Human Minds vs. Intelligent Machines: A Subconscious Perspective

By Janpha Thadphoothon

I feel a bit unsure about addressing the topic of the subconscious. I am neither a Jungian nor a Freudian, but I will do my best to explore the subject. You are smiling. Ah, I now feel better. I feel great when you are joining this short exploration of the mind.

I am sure you would agree with me that the mind is one of the most fascinating yet mysterious aspects of human existence. The word "mind" itself is somewhat problematic and has been the subject of philosophical, psychological, and scientific debates for centuries. It is well known that traditions across various disciplines classify the mind into two broad areas: the conscious and the subconscious. The conscious mind is where our awareness resides. If you are aware of something, it is said that you are conscious of it. In contrast, the subconscious mind operates below the surface of our awareness, yet it exerts a powerful influence on our thoughts, behaviors, and emotions.

As we know, the subconscious mind is often likened to a vast storage room, holding your beliefs, memories, and life experiences. People say that these stored elements shape your behavior and personality, even though you may not be consciously aware of them. For example, imagine you walk into a room and feel uneasy without knowing why. Experts say this could be because your subconscious has associated something in the environment with a past experience, triggering an emotional response. It is my personal belief that understanding the subconscious mind can lead to profound changes in how we navigate life.

How Does the Subconscious Mind Work?

This is a million dollar question, I suppose. In my opinion, the subconscious mind operates as a silent partner to the conscious mind. It continuously processes information, often without our explicit awareness. For instance, while you focus on a conversation, your subconscious mind might notice subtle details in the environment, like the tone of someone's voice or the background noise. My conviction is that this dual processing is what allows humans to function in complex environments.

In Second Language Acquisition (SLA), there is a hypothesis posited by Stephen Krashen, suggesting that language learning is a conscious process, while language acquisition is subconscious. I like the idea of this distinction because it aligns with what we observe in real life. When you acquire your first language as a child, you are not actively "learning" it in the traditional sense. Instead, the subconscious mind absorbs the language through exposure and use.

The subconscious is very important to our behavior, personality, and all aspects of one's life. There is a belief that many of our habits, fears, and even preferences are rooted in the subconscious. For instance, I might have an irrational fear of heights, which stems from my forgotten childhood experience. Nevertheless, it is my belief that the subconscious mind can be influenced and even rewired through intentional effort.

The Power of Beliefs in the Subconscious Mind

What we all know and agree upon is that beliefs stored in the subconscious mind shape our reality. If you believe you are capable, you are more likely to succeed. Conversely, if you harbor self-doubt, it can become a self-fulfilling prophecy. It is well known that the subconscious mind does not distinguish between reality and imagination. This is why visualization techniques are often recommended for achieving goals. I must admit that I was initially skeptical of such practices, but after trying them, I somehow think there is merit to the idea.

The subconscious mind can gain new beliefs if they do not conflict with existing ones. For instance, if you believe you are bad at math, telling yourself that you are a math genius might not work. However, gradually exposing yourself to positive experiences with math can create new neural pathways, allowing the subconscious mind to update its belief system.

Practical Ways to Work with the Subconscious Mind

I have read an article somewhere saying that the subconscious mind is a powerful tool, but to make it work for you, you need to understand how to engage with it effectively. Psychologists suggest that small, consistent actions can help reprogram your subconscious and lead to meaningful changes in your life. Here are three practical ways to make your subconscious mind work for you:

1. Change Your Subconscious Beliefs Through Actions

They say actions speak louder than words, and this is particularly true when it comes to influencing the subconscious mind. For instance, if you believe you cannot give a public speech, start by speaking in small groups. Gradually, as you take small steps, your subconscious will adapt to the new belief that you are capable of public speaking. I know you would agree with me that practice makes perfect, and through repetition, your mind begins to see the new belief as a reality.

2. Do Not Go Against Your Subconscious Beliefs

I think it’s essential to work with your subconscious mind rather than against it. If you hold a deeply ingrained belief, trying to forcefully change it with sheer willpower might cause unnecessary internal conflict. Instead, focus on creating small, incremental changes that align with your existing beliefs. For example, I have read somewhere that if you want to lead a healthier lifestyle, it’s better to start by making manageable changes, like drinking more water or adding a short walk to your day, rather than attempting a complete lifestyle overhaul all at once.

3. Understand the Limitations of the Subconscious Mind

My conviction is that while the subconscious mind is incredibly powerful, it is not magical. It works within the boundaries of your existing beliefs, past experiences, and consistent actions. Experts say that self-awareness and effort are key to unlocking its potential. By understanding and respecting the limitations of your subconscious, you can set realistic goals and achieve meaningful progress in your personal growth.

These steps, though simple, can be transformative if applied with patience and determination. I am sure you would agree that working with your subconscious mind is not about overnight miracles but about fostering gradual, meaningful change.

In the next sections, I shall attempt to look into humans and machines (AI) with regard to the consciousness and subconsciousness.

Thinking and Exhibiting Consciousness Characteristics – Humans and Machines

The question of whether AI can think and exhibit consciousness characteristics like humans is a fascinating one. I have read that some AI experts argue that AI systems now possess the ability to "think" in ways that resemble human cognition. I am sure you would agree with me that this claim has sparked debates across disciplines, from science to philosophy.

1. Thinking Machines: How Far Have They Come?
AI systems today can process data, make decisions, and simulate creativity in ways that were once thought impossible. For example, AI models like chatbots and generative systems can engage in complex conversations, solve intricate problems, and even produce artwork or literature. This has led some to claim that AI is not only capable of thinking but may also possess a form of consciousness.

Experts say that this capability stems from the sophistication of algorithms and the vast amounts of data AI systems are trained on. Machines analyze patterns, predict outcomes, and adapt to new inputs, demonstrating a kind of functional intelligence. Nevertheless, it is my belief that this "thinking" remains fundamentally different from human thought.

Human thinking involves emotions, intuition, and subjective experiences—elements that machines lack. While machines operate based on logic and algorithms, humans integrate feelings, memories, and values into their decision-making processes. I think this distinction highlights the complexity of defining "thinking" when applied to machines.

2. The Illusion of Consciousness in AI
I must admit that the illusion of consciousness in AI systems is powerful. Some advanced AI models are so adept at mimicking human behavior that people often feel as though they are interacting with a conscious entity. For instance, AI-powered virtual assistants can recognize context, respond empathetically, and even adapt to user preferences, creating an impression of awareness.

However, I know you would agree with me that true consciousness involves more than just the ability to simulate awareness. It requires self-awareness, emotions, and subjective experiences—qualities that machines do not inherently possess. In my opinion, what AI demonstrates is not genuine consciousness but a functional simulation of it.

3. Consciousness: A Matter of Definition?

The debate over AI consciousness often hinges on how we define the term. If consciousness is measured purely by observable behavior, then some might argue that AI already exhibits it. On the other hand, if we define consciousness as the ability to experience emotions, reflect on one’s existence, and possess self-awareness, then AI still falls short.

Psychologists suggest that human consciousness is deeply tied to biology, shaped by the brain’s complex neural networks and our lived experiences. Machines, despite their neural networks and advanced learning capabilities, lack this biological foundation. Nevertheless, it is my belief that AI does exhibit a kind of "functional consciousness," which allows it to simulate aspects of human awareness without truly experiencing them.

People say that the rise of AI raises profound questions about what it means to be human. If machines can think and mimic consciousness, how does this reshape our understanding of intelligence, identity, and existence? My conviction is that these questions will remain at the forefront of scientific and philosophical inquiry for years to come.

The debate over AI’s ability to think and exhibit consciousness is both complex and evolving. While AI systems demonstrate impressive capabilities that resemble human thought, they lack the deeper elements of consciousness, such as emotions and self-awareness. I think it is important for us to continue exploring these ideas, as they have far-reaching implications for both technology and our understanding of humanity.

Do AI Agents Have a Subconscious Mind?

This brings us to an intriguing question: Do AI agents have a subconscious mind? I guess it is fair to say that AI, as we currently understand it, lacks a subconscious mind. AI operates based on algorithms and data, processing information in a manner that mimics human intelligence. However, it does not possess beliefs, emotions, or memories in the way humans do.

Experts say that the concept of a subconscious mind is deeply rooted in human biology and psychology. AI, on the other hand, is a product of engineering and computer science. While AI can store and process vast amounts of data, it does so without the subjective experiences that characterize the human subconscious.

Nevertheless, it is my belief that AI can simulate certain aspects of subconscious processing. For example, machine learning algorithms can identify patterns and make predictions based on past data, much like how the subconscious mind operates in the background. However, this simulation is purely mechanical and lacks the depth and complexity of human subconscious processing.

The Interplay Between Consciousness and the Subconscious Mind

I like the idea of viewing the mind as a dynamic interplay between conscious and subconscious processes. The conscious mind sets goals and makes decisions, while the subconscious mind works behind the scenes to support those goals. For instance, if you decide to learn a new language, your conscious mind might focus on studying vocabulary and grammar, while your subconscious mind absorbs the patterns and nuances of the language through repeated exposure.

The subconscious mind is a powerful yet often overlooked aspect of our mental processes. By understanding how it works and learning to harness its potential, we can make profound changes in our lives. While AI agents may never possess a subconscious mind in the human sense, their ability to mimic certain subconscious processes raises fascinating questions about the nature of intelligence and consciousness.

I am not sure where this exploration will lead us, but I am excited to see what the future holds.

Janpha Thadphoothon is an assistant professor of ELT at the International College, Dhurakij Pundit University in Bangkok, Thailand. Janpha Thadphoothon also holds a certificate of Generative AI with Large Language Models issued by DeepLearning.AI.

Guru Dakshina: Eklavya and the Buddha

Guru Dakshina: Eklavya and the Buddha

By Janpha Thadphoothon

If anything, this is one of those moments when I realized something profound. This very idea of paying for what you have learned from your guru or teacher is such a meaningful concept. I am a teacher of English, and the more I think about the fees students pay, the more I reflect on my roles and responsibilities and the cultural aspects of the teacher-pupil relationship.

I once lodged a room in Nepal with a scholar from Northern India, and I had a chance to converse with him. I found it hard to comprehend some of what he was saying, but we got on quite well. He told me about Indian literature, including the Ramayana and Mahabharata, and many other works. I reckoned the man, much older than I, was a well-read teacher, and I had learned a lot from him. I said jokingly to him, "Oh, Sir, you are my guru." He looked at me, smiled, and told me about what it meant to call someone your guru and ask them to accept that role. I must admit that, at that time, I did not know much about Guru Dakshina.

Our conversation that day stayed with me for a long time, and I had the urge to learn more about it. The concept of Guru Dakshina is not entirely new to me as a Thai teacher. In Thai culture, we respect teachers and honor them. We have the saying Kha Kru or "The Payment for the Teachers" as well. I have often wondered whether this originated from India or not.

Origins and Significance of Guru Dakshina

It is well known that Guru Dakshina is a traditional Indian practice rooted in ancient spiritual and educational traditions. It represents a gesture of gratitude offered by a student (shishya) to their guru (teacher) in return for the knowledge and wisdom imparted. The concept is deeply embedded in the Guru-Shishya Parampara (teacher-student tradition) of Indian culture, emphasizing respect, reverence, and a bond of obligation.

Etymology and Philosophical Meaning

The term is derived from Sanskrit: "Guru," meaning teacher, and "Dakshina," meaning offering or gift. Guru Dakshina symbolizes more than a material gift; it acknowledges the teacher’s invaluable role in shaping the student’s mind and character. It also reflects the student's willingness to honor their teacher and the teachings with sincerity and devotion.

Historical and Mythological Context

In ancient India, knowledge, especially spiritual and philosophical teachings, was often transmitted orally in gurukuls (residential schools run by gurus). Guru Dakshina was a means for students to express gratitude once their education was complete.

A famous example is found in the Mahabharata, where the great archer Eklavya, who self-learned archery inspired by Dronacharya (a renowned teacher), offers his thumb as Guru Dakshina. Although controversial, the story underscores the depth of commitment and reverence that Guru Dakshina symbolizes.

Prince Siddhartha’s Journey

As we know, Prince Siddhartha, who later became Ascetic Siddhartha and ultimately the Gautama Buddha, also had teachers until he began searching for the truth on his own. As a young prince, he learned everything necessary for a king of his time—literacy, Vedic philosophy, ethics, administration, wrestling, fencing, archery, horse riding, martial arts, and more—under a royal teacher named Sabbamitta. By the time he renounced his palatial life as the crown prince of Kapilavastu, he was a highly sophisticated individual, well-versed in the knowledge and expertise required for governance and society.

After leaving his royal life, Siddhartha met three teachers consecutively: Alara Kalama, Uddaka Ramaputta, and Bhaggawa. Under their guidance, he mastered various practices and philosophies essential for ascetic life. Yet, he was dissatisfied with what he achieved and began experimenting with self-mortification. Ultimately, he discovered the efficacy of the middle path in his journey toward enlightenment.

I am not sure, but I guess the Buddha may have paid Guru Dakshina to his teachers when he was a prince. Nevertheless, it is my belief that everything he learned from his teachers prepared him for his self-made endeavor. He was so humble that, after attaining enlightenment, he looked for his teachers to share his realization with them. Upon finding that they had passed away, he honored the Bodhi tree by gazing at it for seven days in gratitude for the shelter it provided during his efforts.

Comparing Eklavya and the Buddha

People say that Eklavya’s story of self-learning archery draws some parallels to the Buddha’s journey. Both individuals demonstrated exceptional determination and discipline in their quests. However, the Buddha’s enlightenment was claimed to be entirely self-attained, whereas Eklavya’s achievements were inspired by his devotion to Dronacharya. My conviction is that the Buddha’s path highlights a distinct discourse between Hinduism and Buddhism, emphasizing self-reliance and the middle path as opposed to strict adherence to external guidance.

Guru Dakshina has evolved significantly over time, taking various forms to suit different eras. In ancient times, it often involved material offerings such as gold, cattle, or other valuables, reflecting the student’s capacity. Alternatively, it could take the form of service or knowledge sharing, where students dedicated themselves to serving their guru or propagating their teachings. In the modern context, Guru Dakshina is largely metaphorical, manifesting as acts of gratitude, respect, or financial contributions to teachers or educational institutions.

Cultural and Ethical Implications

In my opinion, Guru Dakshina reflects the immense value placed on education and the teacher’s role in society. It promotes the idea that the transfer of knowledge is a sacred act, requiring humility and acknowledgment from the learner. At the same time, it reminds both guru and student of their ethical responsibilities.

Relevance Today

I think that while Guru Dakshina in its traditional sense is less common in modern educational systems, the spirit of showing gratitude to teachers remains relevant. Whether through respect, awards, or simple gestures of appreciation, the essence of Guru Dakshina continues to inspire us to honor those who guide our learning and growth.

This timeless tradition serves as a reminder of the profound connection between knowledge, gratitude, and personal development. It is my personal belief that such practices hold lessons for all of us, regardless of culture or background. What we all know and agree upon is that education is transformative, and the bond between teacher and student is sacred. The news has it that we often overlook these values in our fast-paced world, but perhaps traditions like Guru Dakshina can remind us of their importance.

I like the idea of reflecting on how ancient practices can inform modern education. Guru Dakshina is a symbol of gratitude, respect, and the enduring impact of a teacher’s wisdom. 

My room-sharing with that Indian guru made me realize how vital it is to open our minds, learn from others, appreciate diversity, and practice humility. At times, we fail to recognize the profound significance of certain experiences in the moment, only to later discover their life-changing impact. 

As they say, "A teacher’s influence lasts a lifetime."

Janpha Thadphoothon is an assistant professor of ELT at the International College, Dhurakij Pundit University in Bangkok, Thailand. Janpha Thadphoothon also holds a certificate of Generative AI with Large Language Models issued by DeepLearning.AI.

The Hired Boatmen

 

The Hired Boatmen

By Janpha Thadphoothon

I decided to write this blog post as a reflection on the latest National Teachers' Day in Thailand, dated January 16th, 2025. Before I began my career as a professional teacher (lecturer), I often heard the saying that teachers are nothing but hired boatmen. I have been perplexed by this saying. After decades of being in the profession, I slowly began to realize the profound meaning of this old adage. Let me tell you what I believe the meaning of teachers as the hired boatmen truly is.

Image: OpenAI. (2025), The hired boatmen.'

In Thailand, the role of a teacher is often compared to that of a "hired boatman," someone whose sole job is to ferry passengers across the river. I am sure you would agree with me that this metaphor beautifully captures the essence of teaching as a selfless act. The teacher, like the boatman, does not claim ownership of the passengers’ journey but merely ensures their safe passage to the other side. This perspective emphasizes the humility and service-oriented nature of educators. However, as we explore this idea further, I think it is worth examining how Hermann Hesse’s Siddhartha enriches our understanding of the ferryman’s role, offering a deeper philosophical and spiritual dimension to this metaphor.

The Ferryman in Siddhartha

In Siddhartha, the ferryman, Vasudeva, is not merely a transporter of passengers but a guide and a keeper of wisdom. As we know, Vasudeva’s role goes beyond taking Siddhartha across the river; he becomes a mentor who helps Siddhartha achieve spiritual enlightenment. It is well known that Hesse drew inspiration from Eastern philosophies, particularly Buddhism and Hinduism, and this influence is evident in the way the river and the ferryman symbolize interconnectedness and transformation.

The river, which is central to Vasudeva’s character, represents the flow of life, time, and the unity of existence. I must admit that this idea resonates deeply with me. The river’s constancy and perpetual movement remind us that life is ever-changing yet intrinsically whole. Similarly, a teacher’s role is not limited to imparting knowledge but also to guiding students toward understanding the broader flow of life.

Teachers as Ferrymen

In my opinion, the comparison between teachers and ferrymen is not just metaphorical but also profoundly practical. Both roles involve enabling transitions. Teachers help students cross from ignorance to knowledge, from uncertainty to confidence, and from confusion to clarity. My conviction is that this responsibility requires not only technical expertise but also emotional intelligence and patience.

They say that a good teacher, like a skilled ferryman, knows how to balance their role. Just as a ferryman must understand the river’s currents to navigate safely, teachers must recognize the unique needs and capabilities of each student. Experts say that the best educators are those who adapt their teaching methods to the "flow" of their students' learning styles. This adaptability is what makes the journey meaningful and enriching for both the teacher and the learner.

The Symbolism of Crossing

Crossing a river is often seen as a metaphor for transformation, and I like the idea of associating this act with the educational process. In Siddhartha, each ferry crossing marks a significant transition in Siddhartha’s spiritual journey. Likewise, every stage of learning represents a milestone in a student’s development. I know you would agree with me that education is not merely about reaching the destination but about the growth that occurs during the journey.

Nevertheless, it is my belief that the role of a teacher extends beyond the crossing itself. Like Vasudeva, who listens to the river and shares its wisdom with Siddhartha, teachers must listen to their students and guide them with insight and compassion. The news has it that modern educators are increasingly adopting student-centered approaches, which align closely with this philosophy. By focusing on the learners’ needs and experiences, teachers create an environment where students feel empowered to take charge of their own learning.

Reflections on Selflessness

One of the most admirable qualities of the ferryman in Siddhartha is his selflessness. Vasudeva does not seek recognition or reward; he finds fulfillment in his service to others and his connection to the river. I guess it is this selflessness that makes the ferryman a powerful symbol for teachers. While society often overlooks the contributions of educators, their impact is profound and enduring.

People say that teaching is a thankless job, but I somehow think that this perspective misses the point. The true reward of teaching lies in the joy of seeing students grow and succeed. In Thailand, the idea of the "hired boatman" reinforces this sentiment. Teachers are not in the profession for personal gain; their purpose is to help others reach their potential. This altruistic mindset is what makes the teaching profession so noble and inspiring.

Lessons from the River

The river in Siddhartha teaches many lessons, one of which is the importance of living in the present moment. As Siddhartha listens to the river, he realizes that life is not a series of disconnected events but a unified whole. I am not an expert, but I have read somewhere that mindfulness—the practice of being fully present—is essential for both teaching and learning. By fostering mindfulness, teachers can create a more focused and meaningful educational experience.

Another lesson from the river is the acceptance of impermanence. The river is always changing, yet it remains the same. Similarly, education is a dynamic process, constantly evolving to meet the needs of a changing world. My conviction is that teachers must embrace this impermanence and be willing to adapt their methods and perspectives. By doing so, they can remain effective and relevant in their roles as guides and mentors.

Bridging Cultures and Ideas

I like the idea of exploring the parallels between Thai cultural metaphors and Western literary works. The concept of the "hired boatman" and the ferryman in Siddhartha may originate from different cultural contexts, but they share a common theme: the act of guiding others toward growth and enlightenment. This cross-cultural connection highlights the universality of teaching as a transformative process.

What we all know and agree upon is that education is a journey, not a destination. Both the Thai metaphor and Hesse’s novel remind us that the teacher’s role is to facilitate this journey, allowing students to discover their own paths. By embracing the spirit of the ferryman, teachers can inspire their students to listen to the "rivers" of their own lives and find their own truths.

The metaphor of the "hired boatman" provides a compelling lens through which to view the teaching profession. In Siddhartha, Vasudeva’s role as a ferryman offers profound insights into the qualities of a true guide: patience, humility, and the ability to listen. I must admit that these qualities are just as relevant for teachers today as they were for the ferryman in Hesse’s novel.

It is my personal belief that teaching, like ferrying, is a sacred responsibility. By helping others navigate the rivers of life, teachers contribute not only to individual growth but also to the collective betterment of society. As we reflect on the parallels between the Thai concept of the "hired boatman" and the ferryman in Siddhartha, let us honor the quiet but transformative power of educators. They are the unsung heroes who make the crossings possible, guiding us toward a brighter and more enlightened future.

Janpha Thadphoothon is an assistant professor of ELT at the International College, Dhurakij Pundit University in Bangkok, Thailand. Janpha Thadphoothon also holds a certificate of Generative AI with Large Language Models issued by DeepLearning.AI.

Why Write Tanka?

Why Write Tanka?

By Janpha Thadphoothon

I would like to introduce to you another poetic form from Japan – tanka. A tanka is a Japanese poem that is traditionally written in a single line and contains 31 syllables. It is also known as a "short song" or "short poem."

Structure

A tanka is made up of five lines with 5, 7, 5, 7, and 7 syllables in each line. Tankas are usually written without punctuation. As you can notice, the first three lines are identical to haiku. In this sense, it can be thought of as an extension of a haiku.

Here, I would like to offer my Tanka writing theory.  let me explain. You start writing with the context of the narrative (5-7-5). Then you offer your comment or critical analysis of the story. Finally, you offer a conclusion line.

To break it down:

• [Context]: 5-7-5
• [Comment]: 7
• [Conclusion]: 7

Here is an example:

"The Real Future"

Sounds of young children
Outdoor in the evening
Playing and chatting
Their voices the real power
The future in the making

I am sure you would agree with me that poetry like this allows us to capture fleeting moments of life in a concise and impactful way. As we know, poetry is not just about words; it is about the emotions, images, and ideas those words evoke. I think the tanka is a perfect medium for expressing complex thoughts and emotions in a simple yet profound manner.

Why Write Tanka?

It is my personal belief that the tanka form provides a unique way to connect with the world around us. People say that the beauty of tanka lies in its simplicity. Experts say that its brevity forces the poet to focus on what truly matters, cutting away any unnecessary embellishments. I am not an expert, but I have read somewhere that writing tanka can also be a form of meditation, helping the poet to focus on the present moment.

I guess it is this meditative quality that makes tanka so appealing. When you write a tanka, you are not just describing a scene or sharing a thought; you are inviting the reader to pause and reflect. My conviction is that in our fast-paced modern world, this act of reflection is more important than ever.

The Tanka’s Versatility

One of the reasons I like the idea of writing tanka is its versatility. A tanka can be about anything: nature, love, loss, joy, or even the mundane aspects of daily life. What we all know and agree upon is that poetry has the power to transform the ordinary into something extraordinary. Nevertheless, it is my belief that tanka does this particularly well because of its compact structure.

Consider this example:

"Evening Breeze"

Gentle evening breeze
Carries the scent of blossoms
Whispering secrets
The world holds its breath for you
Moments of peace, fleeting, rare

I think you can see how a simple observation, such as an evening breeze, can be turned into something poetic and meaningful. They say that poetry is the art of paying attention, and tanka encourages us to do just that.

Tanka as a Tool for Self-Expression

In my opinion, tanka is an excellent tool for self-expression. I must admit that I often turn to tanka when I want to express feelings that are difficult to put into words. The concise structure of tanka forces you to distill your thoughts and emotions into their purest form. It is well known that this process can be both challenging and rewarding.

For example:

"Silent Grief"

Tears fall silently
Underneath the autumn moon
Shadows on my face
Memories too heavy to
Carry into the morning

I somehow think that writing a tanka like this can be a form of therapy. It allows you to confront your emotions and release them in a creative and constructive way.

The Communal Aspect of Tanka

What we all know and agree upon is that poetry can bring people together. I like the idea of sharing tankas with others, whether through writing groups, online platforms, or even casual exchanges with friends. The news has it that poetry communities are thriving in the digital age, and tanka is an ideal form for these platforms because of its brevity.

I know you would agree with me that reading and sharing tanka can create a sense of connection. When you read someone else’s tanka, you are given a glimpse into their world, their thoughts, and their emotions. In this way, tanka can foster empathy and understanding.

How to Get Started

I guess it is not as difficult as it might seem to get started with tanka. Here are a few tips to help you begin:

1. Observe your surroundings: Pay attention to the little details of life. Notice the colors, sounds, and smells around you. Inspiration often comes from the simplest observations.

2. Focus on a moment: Tanka works best when it captures a specific moment or feeling. Think about what you want to convey and focus on that.

3. Experiment with language: Play with words and phrases to find the ones that best express your thoughts. Remember, you only have 31 syllables, so choose wisely.

4. Don’t overthink it: Sometimes the best tankas are the ones that come to you spontaneously. Let your thoughts flow naturally and see where they take you.

5. Practice regularly: Like any art form, writing tanka takes practice. The more you write, the better you will become.

The Joy of Writing Tanka

In conclusion, I think writing tanka is a deeply rewarding experience. It is my personal belief that this poetic form has the power to enrich our lives in countless ways. Whether you are seeking self-expression, reflection, or connection, tanka offers a unique and beautiful way to engage with the world.

Here is one more example to inspire you:

"Morning Dew"

Drops of morning dew
Glistening on the green leaves
Nature’s quiet gift
Reminding us to cherish
The beauty of fleeting time

I know you would agree with me that poetry like this helps us to appreciate the beauty of the present moment. So why not give tanka a try? Who knows, you might discover a new passion or even a hidden talent.

Happy writing!

Janpha Thadphoothon is an assistant professor of ELT at the International College, Dhurakij Pundit University in Bangkok, Thailand. Janpha Thadphoothon also holds a certificate of Generative AI with Large Language Models issued by DeepLearning.AI.

The Magic of Haiku

 The Magic of Haiku

By Janpha Thadphoothon

Hello Everyone. Welcome to JT Blog. I'm Janpha Thadphoothon, and this is my blog. Thank you for following me and taking the time to read my blog posts. I hope you enjoy reading them as much as I enjoy writing them.

This post is about my belief in the merit of writing haiku in English—especially for English language learning. I am sure you would agree with me that writing haiku can be both a delightful and enriching activity. But first, one may ask, what is a haiku? A haiku is a short poem consisting of three lines. Traditionally, the first line has 5 syllables, the second line has 7 syllables, and the third line has 5 syllables. This simple yet profound structure captures moments in time and distills them into words that evoke deep feelings and vivid images.

The Benefits of Writing Haiku

In my opinion, the benefits of writing haiku are manifold, especially for learners of English. I think you would agree that the process of crafting haiku helps develop language proficiency. When you write a haiku, you focus on choosing the most precise and impactful words, which naturally enhances your vocabulary and grammatical awareness. You write better and pay attention to details, in other words, you notice the language form and the intended meaning. This meticulousness is an essential skill in any language.

Another significant benefit of writing haiku is improved concentration. Writing a haiku requires you to concentrate deeply and observe nature and everyday occurrences with heightened awareness. As we know, such mindfulness allows us to see the reality and beauty of something in ways we might otherwise overlook. For example, when you watch the sunlight filtering through the trees or notice the rhythm of falling rain, you start to perceive the world with a fresh perspective. They say that haiku opens our eyes to the magic of ordinary moments.

Experts say that haiku writing also has therapeutic benefits. As Prof. Alan Maley has observed, writing haiku can help clear your mind. I like the idea of taking a moment to reflect and organize your thoughts; it is a form of mental hygiene. The act of distilling your feelings and observations into a concise poem can be a calming and cleansing process. It is well known that creativity often brings peace to the mind.

This morning, I wrote a haiku that reflects the season and my surroundings:

January dry grass
waiting for warm sunshine
Cold wind from the north

I must admit that writing this haiku made me appreciate the subtle changes in the weather. I somehow think it also deepened my connection to nature. My conviction is that such moments of connection are invaluable in today’s fast-paced world.

Here is another haiku I wrote:

Two birds on the tree
Singing and flying away
It rained after that.

I know you would agree with me that this haiku captures the fleeting beauty of a moment in nature. The juxtaposition of the birds' activity and the impending rain creates a sense of harmony and change.

Haiku as a Learning Tool

For English learners, haiku offers an excellent way to practice using descriptive language, experimenting with imagery, and understanding syllable patterns. In my opinion, writing haiku is an enjoyable method to engage with the language creatively. What we all know and agree upon is that learning through creativity often leads to better retention and deeper understanding.

I am not an expert, but I have read somewhere that incorporating creative writing into language learning fosters not just linguistic skills but also emotional intelligence. Haiku, with its focus on brevity and emotional depth, helps learners express themselves in ways that textbooks and traditional exercises often cannot.

The Magic of Observation

People say that the magic of haiku lies in its ability to make us pause and truly observe the world around us. My personal belief is that this act of observation is a skill that benefits not only language learners but anyone seeking to live a more mindful and meaningful life. When we take the time to notice the small details—the rustling of leaves, the glint of sunlight on water, or the laughter of children—we begin to appreciate life more fully.

A Few Tips for Writing Haiku

If you are new to writing haiku, here are some tips that might help:

1. Focus on Nature: Traditional haiku often centers around natural elements. Try to describe a scene or moment you have observed.
2. Be Specific: Use precise and vivid words to paint a picture. Instead of saying "flower," say "cherry blossom."
3. Keep It Simple: Haiku thrives on simplicity. Avoid overcomplicating your ideas.
4. Capture a Moment: Think of haiku as a snapshot of time. Describe what you see, hear, or feel in that instant.
5. Use Seasonal References: Many haiku include words that indicate the season, such as "snow," "cherry blossoms," or "autumn leaves."

The Joy of Sharing Haiku

I guess it is safe to say that haiku is not just about writing; it is also about sharing. When you share your haiku with others, you invite them into your world. It creates a bond, a connection through words. I like the idea of starting a haiku club or community where people can share their poems and inspire one another.

Some may argue that writing haiku in English is too difficult for beginners, but I think the challenge is what makes it so rewarding. Haiku teaches us to embrace simplicity and precision. It pushes us to think carefully about our words and to express our thoughts in ways that are both concise and beautiful. It is well known that learning something new often requires stepping out of our comfort zones, and haiku is a perfect example of this.

Nevertheless, it is my belief that writing haiku is a magical and rewarding activity. Whether you are an English learner, a seasoned poet, or someone looking for a creative outlet, haiku offers something special. It helps you develop language skills, fosters mindfulness, and brings a sense of peace and clarity.

I encourage you to try writing your own haiku. Take a moment to observe the world around you, and let your thoughts flow into the 5-7-5 structure. You might be surprised by the beauty you discover—both in the world and within yourself.

Thank you for reading my post. I hope you enjoyed learning about the magic of haiku. Feel free to share your thoughts or even your own haiku in the comments below. Until next time, happy writing!

Janpha Thadphoothon is an assistant professor of ELT at the International College, Dhurakij Pundit University in Bangkok, Thailand. Janpha Thadphoothon also holds a certificate of Generative AI with Large Language Models issued by DeepLearning.AI.

Who Speaks? Exploring Identity and Voice in Thai Students' English Writing

By Janpha Thadphoothon

The concept of voice in writing is as intriguing as it is elusive. For many, the notion of "voice" evokes the unique style, perspective, or personality a writer brings to their work. However, when we discuss "voice" in the context of second-language (L2) writing, especially among Thai university students learning English as a foreign language, things become more complex. This blog post delves into a  research study on the challenges Thai students face in expressing their voice in English writing, offering insights into their experiences and practical recommendations for teachers. 

The Significance of Voice in Writing

In writing, the "voice" is more than just words on a page; it is a reflection of one's personality, culture, and identity. Scholars like Peter Elbow and Bakhtin have long discussed the importance of voice, emphasizing that great writing is like hearing the author speak directly to you. Voice makes writing authentic and engaging, but it is not merely an individual effort. As Bakhtin points out, voice is shaped by social and historical forces.

In academic writing, voice is often constrained by conventions and the need for credibility. According to Hyland (2012), writers use stance and voice to position themselves within a broader social and academic context. For L2 writers, navigating these expectations can be daunting, especially when their cultural values and first language (L1) influence how they write in English.

Why Voice Matters for Thai Students

For Thai university students learning English, the challenge of developing a distinct voice in writing is profound. Thailand's high-context culture emphasizes indirect communication, which can conflict with the more explicit, individualistic style often associated with English writing. As Edward T. Hall's cultural theory suggests, the Thai language and communication style are rooted in collective values and subtlety, which can make the directness of English writing feel unnatural.

The research by Janpha Thadphoothon and Soisithorn Isarankura (2024) explored these challenges through the experiences of 21 Thai university students. The findings were both revealing and thought-provoking.

Major Findings

1. Writing in English Is Difficult

Most students in the study described English writing as a challenging task. They reported feeling disconnected from their true selves when writing in English. This sense of disconnection stemmed from their struggle to express their personality and ideas in a language that felt foreign and restrictive.

2. L2 Voice Differs from L1 Voice

Students noted significant differences between their voice in English (L2) and Thai (L1). In Thai, they felt confident and expressive, while in English, they felt constrained and hesitant. This aligns with the L1 interference theory, which suggests that a person’s native language heavily influences their second language usage.

3. Issues of Confidence

Writing in English often led to a loss of confidence. Students expressed frustration at their inability to fully convey their thoughts, feelings, and ideas. This frustration sometimes resulted in anxiety and a sense of inadequacy.

One poignant reflection of this struggle is captured in Tan Bee Tin's poem, "Loneliness of a Student Speaking English as His Second Language."

Loneliness is:
when people don’t understand you.
when  they  constantly  correct  your speech.
when  people  say  “I  beg  your  pardon” to everything you say.
when  they  regard  your  silence  as  a lack of desire to communicate, despite  your  willingness  to  listen  with great intensity and force.
Loneliness  is  not  being  able  to  speak your mind, your soul or your identity.

(Tan Bee, 2004)


The poem vividly portrays the emotional toll of being misunderstood or corrected, of being silent despite wanting to communicate.

Practical Recommendations for Teachers

The research findings highlight the importance of helping students develop their L2 voice in writing. Here are some actionable suggestions for English teachers:

1. Encourage Personal Expression

One way to help students find their voice in English is to encourage them to share personal stories and experiences. By integrating their cultural background and unique perspectives, students can make their writing more authentic and relatable.

2. Create a Safe Learning Environment

Students need a supportive space where they feel comfortable experimenting with their voice. Teachers can foster this by providing constructive feedback that focuses on growth rather than just correcting errors.

3. Teach Cultural Identities

Understanding the cultural context of English writing is crucial. Teachers can highlight differences between Thai and English communication styles, helping students navigate the expectations of English academic writing while still valuing their cultural identity.

4. Emphasize Process Over Perfection

Developing a distinct voice takes time and practice. Teachers should encourage students to focus on the writing process—brainstorming, drafting, revising—rather than striving for perfection in their first attempt.

5. Use Models Thoughtfully

While models can provide useful guidance, they should not stifle creativity. Teachers should present models as inspiration, allowing students to adapt them to their own style rather than copying them verbatim.

Voice as a Path to Self-Discovery

The journey of mastering a second language is not just about grammar and vocabulary; it is a voyage of self-discovery. Writing in a second language forces students to grapple with questions of identity and expression. As Camps and Ivanic (2001) suggest, cultivating voice in L2 writing requires continuous effort and education.

For Thai students, this journey can be both challenging and rewarding. By developing their L2 voice, they not only improve their writing skills but also gain a deeper understanding of themselves and their place in a globalized world.

Final Thoughts

The study underscores the multifaceted and contextual nature of voice in L2 writing. For Thai university students, the process of finding their voice in English is a complex interplay of cultural, linguistic, and personal factors.

As educators, our role is to guide and support students on this journey, helping them bridge the gap between their L1 and L2 voices. By doing so, we empower them to communicate more effectively and confidently, both within and beyond the classroom.

The concept of voice may be elusive, but it is also deeply human. In the words of Bakhtin, each expression is a dialogue—a blend of individual creativity and societal influences. Let us embrace this dialogue and help our students discover the unique voices that lie within them.

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This blog post is based on the research article "WHERE IS ME?: AN EXPLORATION OF VOICE IN L2 WRITING AMONG THAI UNIVERSITY STUDENTS," published in the Phranakhon Rajabhat Research Journal (Humanities and Social Sciences).

https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/PNRU_JHSS/article/view/271531/184693

Janpha Thadphoothon is an assistant professor of ELT at the International College, Dhurakij Pundit University in Bangkok, Thailand. Janpha Thadphoothon also holds a certificate of Generative AI with Large Language Models issued by DeepLearning.AI.

Rethinking Technology: Shifting Thailand’s Role in the Digital Era

Rethinking Technology: Shifting Thailand’s Role in the Digital Era

By Janpha Thadphoothon

This is my view on how we have been using technology, especially information technology like smartphones and social media, among others. One thing is for sure—technology is not free. We have to pay for it. 

I guess you would agree with me that we (Thais) have been at the forefront of internet use and smartphones. The latest brand and version—we all have them, and we have spent a great deal of time and money acquiring them. This won't make us stronger, but weaker.

What I would like to point out is that we have become a great consumer of technology—not producers and makers of the technology. We buy technology. We are consumers. 

It is my personal belief that this trend, while not unique to Thailand, highlights a key issue. As we know, technology has become an inseparable part of our daily lives. Smartphones, laptops, smartwatches, and other gadgets are no longer luxuries but necessities. But have we stopped to ask ourselves what this says about us as a society?

In my opinion, we are a society that values consumption over production. They say that the hallmark of a developed country is its ability to innovate and create technology, not just to use it. What we all know and agree upon is that Thailand has been very successful in adopting and integrating technology into daily life. But the question remains: have we been as successful in contributing to the global pool of technological innovation?

The Culture of Consumption

I am sure you would agree with me that we take pride in owning the latest gadgets. The news has it that Thailand is among the top countries in smartphone penetration. This, of course, speaks to our adaptability and enthusiasm for embracing new trends. However, it also reflects a mindset deeply rooted in consumerism.

People say that our obsession with having the latest technology stems from a desire to keep up appearances, to showcase status, and to feel connected in a highly digital world. I think there is some truth to this. But there is more to the story. Our education system and economic structure have not been designed to encourage technological innovation. Instead, they prepare us to be good consumers of what others have created.

It is well known that countries like South Korea, Japan, and China have made significant strides in producing cutting-edge technology. These nations have not only embraced technology but have also invested heavily in research and development. What about Thailand? In my opinion, we need to take a closer look at our priorities.

Where Are the Producers?

The reality is sobering. We have brilliant minds and talented individuals, yet they often lack the opportunities and resources to develop their ideas. I am not sure, but I think this could be due to a lack of investment in research and development. My conviction is that if we want to shift from being mere consumers to becoming producers, we need to start by changing our mindset.

As we know, innovation does not happen in a vacuum. It requires an ecosystem that supports creativity, experimentation, and risk-taking. This is something we need to cultivate. People say that Thailand has the potential to become a hub for technological innovation, but potential alone is not enough. What is even more alarming is not just that we keep buying technology, but how we have been using it. Most information we create (content) and communicate seems trivial and non-essential. It does not lead to learning and productivity increases. I am not optimistic, but we know that this is the case.

Technology and Education

What we all know and agree upon is that education is the foundation for any technological advancement. In my opinion, our education system needs a major overhaul. It is my personal belief that we should focus more on critical thinking, problem-solving, and coding skills. The news has it that coding will soon become as essential as reading and writing. Are we ready for that?

I think our schools and universities should collaborate more closely with tech companies to provide students with hands-on experience. This will not only prepare them for the workforce but also inspire them to innovate. They say that the best way to learn is by doing. So why not give our students the tools and opportunities to create technology rather than just use it?

The Role of Government and Private Sector

It is well known that government policies play a crucial role in shaping a nation’s technological landscape. In my opinion, our government should provide more incentives for startups and entrepreneurs. Tax breaks, grants, and subsidies can go a long way in encouraging innovation.

The private sector also has a significant role to play. Companies need to invest in local talent and collaborate with educational institutions. What we all know and agree upon is that a strong partnership between the government, private sector, and academia is essential for fostering innovation.

The Way Forward

In the age of AI, Thailand needs to step up its efforts to become a tech maker and knowledge producer, not just a consumer. What has been happening is that we are losing the technology race, and many Thais have been victimized by scammers and unscrupulous business operators. We need to be smart consumers as well.

I am not sure, but I think we are at a crossroads. We can either continue down the path of consumerism or take bold steps toward becoming a producer of KNOWLEDGE AND TECHNOLOGY. My conviction is that the latter will not only benefit our economy but also give us a sense of pride and accomplishment.

People say that change is never easy, but it is necessary. In my opinion, the first step is to recognize the problem. Once we do that, we can begin to address it. As we know, every journey begins with a single step. Let us take that step together and work towards a future where Thailand is not just a consumer but also a creator of technology.

I think it is time for us to rethink our relationship with technology. It is my personal belief that we have the potential to achieve great things. The news has it that the world is moving towards a more technology-driven future. Let us not just follow the trend but lead it. This is not just a challenge but an opportunity. 

Janpha Thadphoothon is an assistant professor of ELT at the International College, Dhurakij Pundit University in Bangkok, Thailand. Janpha Thadphoothon also holds a certificate of Generative AI with Large Language Models issued by DeepLearning.AI.