Strategies and Foreign Language Learning

Strategies and Foreign Language Learning

By Janpha Thadphoothon

In recent years, a growing body of research has emphasized the significance of strategic approaches to language learning, particularly in the realm of vocabulary acquisition. Notably, studies by Parera (2022) and Schmitt (1997) have demonstrated that the methods learners employ can significantly influence their success. Vocabulary learning strategies (VLS) play a crucial role in both the depth and breadth of a learner's vocabulary knowledge. My current study aims to contribute further insights by exploring the strategies used by proficient EFL learners within diverse learning paradigms.

Direct and Indirect Strategies

Language learning strategies (LLS) are a subset of general learning strategies. According to Oxford (1990), LLS encompass the conscious steps or behaviors that facilitate learners in acquiring, storing, retaining, recalling, and using language information. Building on this foundation, Parera (2022) proposed a model that categorizes six specific strategies into two broad classes: direct strategies, which are directly involved in the language learning process, and indirect strategies, which, although not directly related to language learning, provide critical support.

Oxford's classification (illustrated in Table 1) led to the development of the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) in 1990, a tool that has been widely used in subsequent research. Recognizing the importance of selecting appropriate VLS, many scholars have focused on understanding the strategies chosen by proficient language learners, with the aim of offering guidance and references for others. For instance, Cummins (2019) conducted a survey of successful language learners in Saudi Arabia, providing valuable insights into effective VLS choices.

This blog post will delve deeper into these strategies, offering practical advice for learners looking to enhance their vocabulary acquisition and overall language proficiency.