Relative Clause App

Relative Clauses (B1 Level)

Learn the rules, study examples, and test your understanding.

Relative clauses are used to describe, specify, or provide additional information about an object, person, or place.

A. Relative Pronouns

Pronoun / Rule	Example Sentence
who Describes people	People who live in urban areas now have different diets.
that / which Describes things & objects	The farms that we visited use new approaches. Crops which need a tropical climate grow well.
where Describes places & locations	More land where farming takes place is used for industry.

B. Defining vs. Non-Defining Clauses

1. Defining Relative Clauses (Essential Information)

These give essential information to identify exactly which person, thing, or place is being discussed. Do not use commas.

Example: Products which are environmentally friendly try to limit damage to the environment.

2. Non-Defining Relative Clauses (Extra Information)

These add supplementary information about a noun that is already known or defined. You must use commas (,) at the start and end of the clause. (Note: Never use that in non-defining clauses).

Example: The Betawi, who are a local group in Jakarta, are responsible for many street foods.

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